MX Linux Forum

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 6:53 am**

Dear forum

I was wondering if anyone has tried with success to boot an ISO image created by the MX-Snaphot ISO tool in a mutliboot environment.

I have created the ISO with the very last version of the MX live snapshot ISO tool (23.3) without changing any of the default options (eg compression = lz4) and have put it on sda11. Since I'm using grub customizer, I have added the following entry:

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menuentry "MX Snapshot 10.03.2023 (iso)"{
	insmod part_gpt
	insmod ext2
	insmod gzio
	set isofile=".iso/snapshot-20230310_1126.iso"
	loopback loop (hd2,gpt11)/$isofile
	linux (loop)/antiX/vmlinuz boot=casper findiso=$isofile quiet splash locale=de_DE locales=de_DE.UTF-8 bootkbd=de noeject --
	initrd (loop)/antiX/initrd.gz
}

where some of the parms were borrowed from a description for booting the gparted live iso (see here).

With this, I've already come around some kernel panic errors earlier, and have already come some way into the boot process. At this moment, I get to the following situation:

1678447706826b.jpg

Since I can verify inside the ISO that the file linuxfs is well present and located in folder (isofile)/antiX, I'm wondering what I'm missing to find/boot it. Should I change the ISO compression or load some other grub module (with insmod)?

I'd appreciate if somebody could please advise what needs to be changed.

Tx,

T.

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System:    Kernel: 5.10.0-21-amd64 [5.10.162-1] x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: gcc v: 10.2.1 
           parameters: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-5.10.0-21-amd64 
           root=UUID=<filter> ro quiet splash 
           Desktop: KDE Plasma 5.20.5 wm: kwin_x11 vt: 7 dm: SDDM 
           Distro: MX-21.3_KDE_x64 Wildflower October 20  2021 
           base: Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye) 
Machine:   Type: Desktop Mobo: Micro-Star model: Z370-A PRO (MS-7B48) v: 1.0 serial: <filter> 
           UEFI: American Megatrends v: 2.60 date: 07/05/2018 
CPU:       Info: 6-Core model: Intel Core i7-8700 bits: 64 type: MT MCP arch: Kaby Lake 
           note: check family: 6 model-id: 9E (158) stepping: A (10) microcode: F0 cache: 
           L2: 12 MiB 
           flags: avx avx2 lm nx pae sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3 vmx bogomips: 76799 
           Speed: 800 MHz min/max: 800/4600 MHz Core speeds (MHz): 1: 800 2: 800 3: 800 4: 800 
           5: 800 6: 800 7: 800 8: 800 9: 800 10: 800 11: 800 12: 800 
           Vulnerabilities: Type: itlb_multihit status: KVM: VMX disabled 
           Type: l1tf mitigation: PTE Inversion; VMX: conditional cache flushes, SMT vulnerable 
           Type: mds mitigation: Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable 
           Type: meltdown mitigation: PTI 
           Type: mmio_stale_data mitigation: Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable 
           Type: retbleed mitigation: IBRS 
           Type: spec_store_bypass 
           mitigation: Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl and seccomp 
           Type: spectre_v1 mitigation: usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization 
           Type: spectre_v2 
           mitigation: IBRS, IBPB: conditional, RSB filling, PBRSB-eIBRS: Not affected 
           Type: srbds mitigation: Microcode 
           Type: tsx_async_abort mitigation: Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable 
Graphics:  Device-1: NVIDIA GP104 [GeForce GTX 1070 Ti] driver: nvidia v: 520.56.06 
           bus-ID: 01:00.0 chip-ID: 10de:1b82 class-ID: 0300 
           Device-2: Conexant Systems CX23885 PCI Video and Audio Decoder driver: cx23885 v: 0.0.4 
           bus-ID: 04:00.0 chip-ID: 14f1:8852 class-ID: 0400 
           Device-3: Microsoft LifeCam HD-3000 type: USB driver: snd-usb-audio,uvcvideo 
           bus-ID: 1-8:2 chip-ID: 045e:0779 class-ID: 0102 
           Display: x11 server: X.Org 1.20.14 compositor: kwin_x11 driver: loaded: nvidia 
           display-ID: :0 screens: 1 
           Screen-1: 0 s-res: 1920x1080 s-dpi: 92 s-size: 530x301mm (20.9x11.9") 
           s-diag: 610mm (24") 
           Monitor-1: DVI-D-0 res: 1920x1080 hz: 60 dpi: 92 size: 531x299mm (20.9x11.8") 
           diag: 609mm (24") 
           OpenGL: renderer: NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1070 Ti/PCIe/SSE2 v: 4.6.0 NVIDIA 520.56.06 
           direct render: Yes 
Audio:     Device-1: Intel 200 Series PCH HD Audio vendor: Micro-Star MSI driver: snd_hda_intel 
           v: kernel bus-ID: 00:1f.3 chip-ID: 8086:a2f0 class-ID: 0403 
           Device-2: NVIDIA GP104 High Definition Audio driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel 
           bus-ID: 01:00.1 chip-ID: 10de:10f0 class-ID: 0403 
           Device-3: Conexant Systems CX23885 PCI Video and Audio Decoder driver: cx23885 v: 0.0.4 
           bus-ID: 04:00.0 chip-ID: 14f1:8852 class-ID: 0400 
           Device-4: Microsoft LifeCam HD-3000 type: USB driver: snd-usb-audio,uvcvideo 
           bus-ID: 1-8:2 chip-ID: 045e:0779 class-ID: 0102 
           Sound Server-1: ALSA v: k5.10.0-21-amd64 running: yes 
           Sound Server-2: PulseAudio v: 14.2 running: yes 
Network:   Device-1: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet vendor: Micro-Star MSI 
           driver: r8169 v: kernel port: d000 bus-ID: 03:00.0 chip-ID: 10ec:8168 class-ID: 0200 
           IF: eth0 state: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full mac: <filter> 
Drives:    Local Storage: total: 16.83 TiB used: 6.95 TiB (41.3%) 
           SMART Message: Unable to run smartctl. Root privileges required. 
           ID-1: /dev/sda maj-min: 8:0 vendor: Crucial model: CT500MX500SSD4 size: 465.76 GiB 
           block-size: physical: 512 B logical: 512 B speed: 6.0 Gb/s type: SSD serial: <filter> 
           rev: 020 scheme: GPT 
           ID-2: /dev/sdb maj-min: 8:16 vendor: Hitachi model: HUA723020ALA641 size: 1.82 TiB 
           block-size: physical: 512 B logical: 512 B speed: 6.0 Gb/s type: HDD rpm: 7200 
           serial: <filter> rev: A840 scheme: MBR 
           ID-3: /dev/sdc maj-min: 8:32 vendor: Western Digital model: WD10EACS-00D6B1 
           size: 931.51 GiB block-size: physical: 512 B logical: 512 B speed: 3.0 Gb/s type: N/A 
           serial: <filter> rev: 1A01 scheme: MBR 
           ID-4: /dev/sdd maj-min: 8:48 vendor: Hitachi model: HUA723020ALA641 size: 1.82 TiB 
           block-size: physical: 512 B logical: 512 B speed: 6.0 Gb/s type: HDD rpm: 7200 
           serial: <filter> rev: A840 
           ID-5: /dev/sde maj-min: 8:64 vendor: Hitachi model: HUA723030ALA640 size: 2.73 TiB 
           block-size: physical: 512 B logical: 512 B speed: 6.0 Gb/s type: HDD rpm: 7200 
           serial: <filter> rev: NS01 
           ID-6: /dev/sdf maj-min: 8:80 type: USB vendor: Seagate model: BUP Slim WH 
           size: 1.82 TiB block-size: physical: 4096 B logical: 512 B type: N/A serial: <filter> 
           rev: 0304 scheme: MBR 
           ID-7: /dev/sdg maj-min: 8:96 type: USB vendor: Seagate model: Backup+ Hub BK 
           size: 7.28 TiB block-size: physical: 4096 B logical: 512 B type: N/A serial: <filter> 
           rev: D781 scheme: GPT 
Partition: ID-1: / raw-size: 20 GiB size: 19.52 GiB (97.59%) used: 16.38 GiB (83.9%) fs: ext4 
           dev: /dev/sda7 maj-min: 8:7 
Swap:      Kernel: swappiness: 15 (default 60) cache-pressure: 100 (default) 
           ID-1: swap-1 type: partition size: 16 GiB used: 0 KiB (0.0%) priority: -2 
           dev: /dev/sda12 maj-min: 8:12 
Sensors:   System Temperatures: cpu: 29.8 C mobo: 27.8 C gpu: nvidia temp: 46 C 
           Fan Speeds (RPM): N/A gpu: nvidia fan: 0% 
Repos:     Packages: 2792 note: see --pkg apt: 2787 lib: 1639 flatpak: 5 
           No active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list 
           Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian-stable-updates.list 
           1: deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
           Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.list 
           1: deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye main contrib non-free
           2: deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
           Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list 
           1: deb [arch=amd64] https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main
           Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mx.list 
           1: deb http://mirror.plusserver.com/mxlinux/mxlinux/mx/repo/ bullseye main non-free
           2: deb http://mirror.plusserver.com/mxlinux/mxlinux/mx/repo/ bullseye ahs
           Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/scootersoftware.list 
           1: deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/scootersoftware-keyring.gpg] https://www.scootersoftware.com/ bcompare4 non-free
           Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/teams.list 
           1: deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/ms-teams stable main
           Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/teamviewer.list 
           1: deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/teamviewer-keyring.gpg] https://linux.teamviewer.com/deb stable main
Info:      Processes: 344 Uptime: 3m wakeups: 1 Memory: 15.58 GiB used: 2.27 GiB (14.6%) 
           Init: SysVinit v: 2.96 runlevel: 5 default: 5 tool: systemctl Compilers: gcc: 10.2.1 
           alt: 10 Client: shell wrapper v: 5.1.4-release inxi: 3.3.06 
Boot Mode: UEFI

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 7:37 am**

Try without the "boot=casper" bit, which is typical of ubuntu variants (which MX is not)

Here's a working entry from my/boot/grub/custom.cfg file (not for a snapshot but a standard MX iso)

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menuentry "MX21 KDE" {
	set isofile=/ISOs/MX-21_KDE_x64.iso
	loopback loop (hd1,msdos17)/$isofile
	linux (loop)/antiX/vmlinuz bdev=sdb17 fromiso=$isofile hwclock=local quiet splash
	initrd (loop)/antiX/initrd.gz
}

The supported boot parameters are documented here.

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 7:49 am**

Yep.

Btw. it would be more correct if you edit the title and change it to "... Boot From iso ... "

(... multiboot sounds like a question about Yumi or Ventoy etc.)

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 8:00 am**

... also noeject is not needed (though it won't make any harm)

... and if it's sda11 : hd0,gpt11 (...on yours it's hd2 that means disk #3 partition 11)

... And the path:

.iso/snapshot-20230310_1126.iso

if you mean you created a .iso directory on sda11 then:

/.iso/snapshot-20230310_1126.iso

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 8:33 am**

This will do the job for you (later you can add more options if you like.. )

( lang=de will already be enough (unless no timezone and keyboard stated they'll be considered DE, too) )

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sudo tee -a /boot/grub/custom.cfg <<!
menuentry "MX Snapshot 10.03.2023 (iso)" {
    set isofile="/.iso/snapshot-20230310_1126.iso"
    loopback loop (hd0,gpt11)$isofile
    linux (loop)/antiX/vmlinuz bootdev=/dev/sda11 fromiso=$isofile noprompt lang=de_DE ro quiet nosplash
    initrd (loop)/antiX/initrd.gz
    }
!

Reboot.

(It's normal that the terminal warns you about security, just click "paste" then press Enter)

Just make sure the path is exactly like this: snapshot-20230310_1126.iso file under .iso directory on sda11.

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 9:53 am**

Hi,

your advise already helped me much further, thank you very much.

With the following custom script menuentry in grub-customizer

grub.png

I can already boot the live snapshot ISO with german keyboard, german timezone and german language. This is excellent

I am only struggling with the screen resolution, which is somewhat like 800x600 instead of the 1920x1080 I would like to have.

I am unsure about how to accomplish this. I would like to avoid setting or changing parameters "outside" the menuentry (which is the part I have easy access to in grub-customizer) and I don't seem to find the right value for vga= in the call of vmlinuz.

No more any relevant errors:

grup2.jpg

grub3.jpg

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 9:57 am**

vga=791 ?

(why such a parameter?)

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 10:15 am**

I tried 791 and 795, but neither one seems to have any effect; my wish is to reach 1920x1080, and this without touching grub's global variables outside the menuentry

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 10:36 am**

Maybe 834 and 884 which are actually for 1400x1050 and 1600x1200

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 10:41 am**

When I boot my normal live MX 21 system (NOT the snapshot ISO), and run

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sudo hwinfo --framebuffer | grep 1920

I get

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Mode 0x034d: 1920x1080 (+7680), 24 bits

which suggests that vga=845 would be the correct parameter to be used in my menuentry for the iso.

But its not the case: the ISO is again booted with a low screen resolution like 800x600 or so. Moreover, when I run the nvidia-settings, it seems the NVIDIA driver is not even loaded at all; I can also not change the screen resolution in the system settings, as there's only one single resolution available.

Any ideas?

T.

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 10:43 am**

do you intend to use this only in text mode ?
does the boot proceed to a graphical desktop and is the resolution there what you expect ?

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 10:45 am**

thoro wrote: Fri Mar 10, 2023 10:41 am... it seems the NVIDIA driver is not even loaded...

You need to use

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xorg=nvidia

as the parameter.

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 11:34 am**

I got it working

The vga parameter is obsolete and deprecated; whatever value I give to it, it didn't make any noticeable difference in my case.

Instead, simply use gfxpayload/gfxmode. My custom script (in grub customizer) now looks like this:

grub4.jpg

and it produces the following code (in the file /etc/grub.d/40_custom):

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menuentry "MX Snapshot 10.03.2023 (iso)"{
	insmod part_gpt
	insmod ext2
	insmod gzio
	insmod iso9660
	insmod all_video
	set isofile=".iso/snapshot-20230310_1126.iso"
	loopback loop (hd2,gpt11)/$isofile
	set gfxmode=1920x1080
	# set gfxpayload="2048x2048;2048x1280;2048x1080;1920x1080;1600x900;1600x1200;1600x1050;1500x1000;1440x960;1440x900;1368x912;1366x768;1280x800;1280x720;1280x1024;1200x800;1024x768;auto"
	set gfxpayload="1920x1080"
	linux (loop)/antiX/vmlinuz bdev=sda11 fromiso=$isofile quiet splash lang=de_DE tz=Europe/Berlin kbd=de
	initrd (loop)/antiX/initrd.gz
}

(you may want to leave out the commented line; also, maybe just one of the two parameters is really needed)

I hope this can help others.

Best, T.

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 12:15 pm**

if you want this kind of change to apply to all grub entries, modify /etc/default/grub so it contains the following lines

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GRUB_GFXMODE=1920x1080
GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep

then

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sudo update-grub

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 12:22 pm**

In fact, the grub.cfg of the live session is already like this:

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set gfxmode=1024x768
#set gfxpayload="1680x1050;1600x900;1600x1200;1600x1050;1500x1000;1440x960;1440x900;1368x912;1366x768;1280x800;1280x720;1280x1024;1200x800;1024x768;auto"
set gfxpayload="1440x960;1440x900;1368x912;1366x768;1280x800;1280x720;1280x1024;1200x800;1024x768;auto"

set default=linux
...

And I was wondering why it was not selecting a better resolution with these...

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 12:39 pm**

I'm not sure if the ISO's grub.cfg is used at all, since I boot my machine absolutely normally (from my ssd) and select the ISO's menuentry from my "normal" grub menu (I never wanted to "natively" boot the ISO from a USB stick or DVD).

Anyway, I'm more than happy with the given solution

Posted: **Fri Mar 10, 2023 12:42 pm**

Ok. I was thinking just the welcome screen when you booted "from iso" with that entry was not as you wanted. :)

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