timeshift always throws error: "read only file system"

[neverdimed]

i see the following in the log:

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[16:01:53] Creating new snapshot...(RSYNC)
[16:01:53] Saving to device: /dev/mmcblk2p1, mounted at path: /run/timeshift/133026/backup
[16:01:53] E: Error creating directory /run/timeshift/133026/backup/timeshift/snapshots/2023-06-03_16-01-53: Read-only file system
[16:01:53] E: Failed to create directory: /run/timeshift/133026/backup/timeshift/snapshots/2023-06-03_16-01-53
[16:01:53] E: Error creating directory /run/timeshift/133026/backup/timeshift/snapshots/2023-06-03_16-01-53: Read-only file system
[16:01:53] E: Failed to create directory: /run/timeshift/133026/backup/timeshift/snapshots/2023-06-03_16-01-53/localhost

I'm telling timeshift to backup to an sd card formatted as ext4, and this was working, but recently I am seeing the above error as it is trying to save to /run/timeshift. Someone says: "/run isn't a 'real' directory in your storage - it's a temporary file-system held in RAM used by running apps - what you are seeing there is normal, as timeshift mounts the target partition there" https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?t=372724 And others have noted the problem: https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?t=386496 but nothing they are saying seems of use to me. It's hard to say when timeshift stop working but it may have coincided with me disabling the swap partition

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System:    Kernel: 5.16.0-5mx-amd64 [5.16.14-1~mx21+1] x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: gcc v: 10.2.1 
           parameters: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-5.16.0-5mx-amd64 
           root=UUID=<filter> ro quiet splash 
           Desktop: Xfce 4.18.1 tk: Gtk 3.24.24 info: xfce4-panel wm: xfwm 4.18.0 vt: 7 
           dm: LightDM 1.26.0 Distro: MX-21.3_ahs_x64 Wildflower April 9  2022 
           base: Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye) 
Machine:   Type: Laptop System: Star Labs product: StarLite v: N/A serial: <filter> 
           Mobo: Star Labs model: StarLite serial: <filter> UEFI: American Megatrends v: 1.0.0 
           date: 04/11/2022 
Battery:   ID-1: BAT0 charge: 30.4 Wh (100.0%) condition: 30.4/30.4 Wh (100.0%) volts: 8.6 
           min: N/A model: N/A type: Unknown serial: <filter> status: Charging 
CPU:       Info: Quad Core model: Intel Pentium Silver N5030 bits: 64 type: MCP 
           arch: Goldmont Plus family: 6 model-id: 7A (122) stepping: 8 microcode: 22 cache: 
           L2: 4 MiB 
           flags: lm nx pae sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3 vmx bogomips: 8755 
           Speed: 1201 MHz min/max: 800/3100 MHz Core speeds (MHz): 1: 1201 2: 1818 3: 2074 
           4: 1293 
           Vulnerabilities: Type: itlb_multihit status: Not affected 
           Type: l1tf status: Not affected 
           Type: mds status: Not affected 
           Type: meltdown status: Not affected 
           Type: spec_store_bypass mitigation: Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl 
           Type: spectre_v1 mitigation: usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization 
           Type: spectre_v2 mitigation: Enhanced IBRS, IBPB: conditional, RSB filling 
           Type: srbds status: Not affected 
           Type: tsx_async_abort status: Not affected 
Graphics:  Device-1: Intel GeminiLake [UHD Graphics 605] driver: i915 v: kernel bus-ID: 00:02.0 
           chip-ID: 8086:3184 class-ID: 0300 
           Device-2: Microdia USB 2.0 Camera type: USB driver: snd-usb-audio,uvcvideo 
           bus-ID: 1-8:6 chip-ID: 0c45:6365 class-ID: 0102 serial: <filter> 
           Display: x11 server: X.Org 1.20.14 compositor: xfwm4 v: 4.18.0 driver: 
           loaded: modesetting unloaded: fbdev,vesa display-ID: :0.0 screens: 1 
           Screen-1: 0 s-res: 1920x1080 s-dpi: 96 s-size: 508x286mm (20.0x11.3") 
           s-diag: 583mm (23") 
           Monitor-1: eDP-1 res: 1920x1080 hz: 60 dpi: 158 size: 309x173mm (12.2x6.8") 
           diag: 354mm (13.9") 
           Monitor-2: DP-1 res: 1920x1080 hz: 60 dpi: 82 size: 597x336mm (23.5x13.2") 
           diag: 685mm (27") 
           OpenGL: renderer: Mesa Intel UHD Graphics 605 (GLK 3) v: 4.6 Mesa 22.0.5 
           direct render: Yes 
Audio:     Device-1: Intel Celeron/Pentium Silver Processor High Definition Audio 
           driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel alternate: snd_soc_skl,snd_sof_pci_intel_apl 
           bus-ID: 00:0e.0 chip-ID: 8086:3198 class-ID: 0403 
           Device-2: Microdia USB 2.0 Camera type: USB driver: snd-usb-audio,uvcvideo 
           bus-ID: 1-8:6 chip-ID: 0c45:6365 class-ID: 0102 serial: <filter> 
           Sound Server-1: ALSA v: k5.16.0-5mx-amd64 running: yes 
           Sound Server-2: PulseAudio v: 14.2 running: yes 
Network:   Device-1: Intel Gemini Lake PCH CNVi WiFi driver: iwlwifi v: kernel modules: wl 
           port: f000 bus-ID: 00:0c.0 chip-ID: 8086:31dc class-ID: 0280 
           IF: wlan0 state: up mac: <filter> 
           Device-2: Realtek RTL8153 Gigabit Ethernet Adapter type: USB driver: r8152 
           bus-ID: 2-4.4:13 chip-ID: 0bda:8153 class-ID: 0000 serial: <filter> 
           IF: eth0 state: down mac: <filter> 
           IF-ID-1: wg-mullvad state: unknown speed: N/A duplex: N/A mac: N/A 
Bluetooth: Device-1: Intel Bluetooth 9460/9560 Jefferson Peak (JfP) type: USB driver: btusb v: 0.8 
           bus-ID: 1-9:8 chip-ID: 8087:0aaa class-ID: e001 
           Report: hciconfig ID: hci0 rfk-id: 1 state: up address: <filter> bt-v: 3.0 lmp-v: 5.1 
           sub-v: 100 hci-v: 5.1 rev: 100 
           Info: acl-mtu: 1021:4 sco-mtu: 96:6 link-policy: rswitch sniff link-mode: slave accept 
           service-classes: rendering, capturing, audio 
Drives:    Local Storage: total: 504.94 GiB used: 85.57 GiB (16.9%) 
           ID-1: /dev/mmcblk2 maj-min: 179:0 type: USB model: SD size: 57.81 GiB block-size: 
           physical: 512 B logical: 512 B type: SSD serial: <filter> scheme: MBR 
           SMART Message: Unknown smartctl error. Unable to generate data. 
           SMART Message: Unable to run smartctl. Root privileges required. 
           ID-2: /dev/sda maj-min: 8:0 model: Star Drive SATA SSD size: 447.13 GiB block-size: 
           physical: 512 B logical: 512 B speed: 6.0 Gb/s type: SSD serial: <filter> rev: P1.3 
           scheme: GPT 
Partition: ID-1: / raw-size: 215.31 GiB size: 210.87 GiB (97.94%) used: 70.94 GiB (33.6%) fs: ext4 
           dev: /dev/sda2 maj-min: 8:2 
           ID-2: /boot/efi raw-size: 256 MiB size: 252 MiB (98.46%) used: 274 KiB (0.1%) fs: vfat 
           dev: /dev/sda1 maj-min: 8:1 
Swap:      Alert: No swap data was found. 
Sensors:   System Temperatures: cpu: 58.0 C mobo: N/A 
           Fan Speeds (RPM): N/A 
Repos:     Packages: 2356 note: see --pkg apt: 2349 lib: 1203 flatpak: 7 
           No active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list 
           Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian-stable-updates.list 
           1: deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
           Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.list 
           1: deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
           2: deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security/ bullseye-security main contrib non-free
           Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/librewolf.list 
           1: deb [arch=amd64] http://deb.librewolf.net/ bullseye main
           Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/megasync.list 
           1: deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/meganz-archive-keyring.gpg] https://mega.nz/linux/repo/Debian_11/ ./
           Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mx.list 
           1: deb http://mirrors.dotsrc.org/mx-packages/mx/repo/ bullseye main non-free
           2: deb http://mirrors.dotsrc.org/mx-packages/mx/repo/ bullseye ahs
           Active apt repos in: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/signal-xenial-added-by-mxpi.list 
           1: deb [arch=amd64] https://updates.signal.org/desktop/apt/ xenial main
Info:      Processes: 333 Uptime: 16d 23h 25m wakeups: 53 Memory: 7.59 GiB used: 4.78 GiB (62.9%) 
           Init: SysVinit v: 2.96 runlevel: 5 default: 5 tool: systemctl Compilers: gcc: 10.2.1 
           alt: 10 Client: shell wrapper v: 5.1.4-release inxi: 3.3.06 
Boot Mode: UEFI

[CharlesV]

Given that I have seen my in-use swap area grow when timeshift is running, I would suspect you are correct. Try enabling swap again and see if this prevents the issue.